F-1 Optional Practical Training during program (Pre-Completion OPT)

F-1 Optional Practical Training Before Degree Completion
(Pre-Completion OPT)

ATTENTION: International students CANNOT engage in any off-campus work/employment (paid or unpaid, or for an employer outside the U.S.) without prior authorization from the ISO or USCIS. Failure to obtain prior authorization will jeopardize the student’s current U.S. immigration status, future U.S. immigration benefits, and their ability to complete the MIT academic program.

IMPORTANT REMINDER: The ISO strongly encourages reviewing ALL information, instructions, links, and handouts on this webpage and across the ISO website BEFORE submitting a Pre-Completion OPT request to the ISO – OR – filing a Pre-Completion OPT application with USCIS.

I. F-1 OPTIONAL PRACTICAL TRAINING (OPT) OVERVIEW

Who This Page IS For

  • This information is ONLY for MIT-sponsored F-1 students who:
    • HAVE NOT graduated from their MIT degree program, and
    • HAVE BEEN in lawful, full-time student status for at least one (1) full academic year (combination of Fall and Spring semester)

WARNING: Students CANNOT apply directly for the Pre-Completion OPT. They MUST first meet all the requirements and be within the allowable timeframe. Failure to timely file the Pre-Completion OPT application will result in the DENIAL of the Pre-Completion OPT application by USCIS.

IMPORTANT: Students interested in F-1 Curricular Practical Training (CPT) MUST review the information on the ISO Curricular Practical Training webpage to determine their eligibility.

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Who This Page Is NOT For

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Defining Optional Practical Training (OPT)

All Optional Practical Training (OPT) authorizations MUST comply with U.S. federal regulations [8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)]. OPT is a form of temporary U.S. work/employment authorization that allows eligible F-1 students to gain experience directly related to their degree field of study, provided they meet all the requirements.

  • IMPORTANT: U.S. federal regulations strictly limit the types of work/employment that international students may perform. Any work/employment-related activities require proper authorization BEFORE they begin. Understanding these rules and regulations is essential to maintaining a lawful F-1 status in the United States.
    • Under guidance from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), a person DOES NOT need to be formally classified as an “employee” for work/employment authorization to be required.

CRITICAL WARNING: The U.S. government defines work/employment by the “nature of the activities, services, and/or duties performed”, regardless of payment, or whether the employer is based in or outside the U.S. If an individual provides any services or benefits to an employer, organization, or individual, they MUST have proper authorization.

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Types of OPT Work/Employment Options

IMPORTANT REMINDER: OPT is NOT a separate U.S. immigration status. It is a “benefit” of F-1 status. Before completing an MIT degree program, F-1 status remains tied to academics, and students MUST continue to follow all rules and reporting requirements for current students.

There are three (3) types of OPT available to F-1 students:

  • 1) Pre-Completion OPT (Pre-OPT): Off-campus work/employment issued BEFORE completing an MIT degree program.
    • Students should thoroughly review this webpage and the ISO Pre-Completion OPT slides [Kerberos Required].
  • 2) Post-Completion OPT (Post-OPT): Off-campus work/employment authorization issued AFTER degree completion. Students should review the ISO Post-Completion OPT webpage.
  • 3) STEM OPT Extension (STEM OPT): Off-campus work/employment for F-1 students who have earned a degree included in the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) STEM-Designated Degree Program List AND are currently in an active period of approved Post-Completion OPT.

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II. PRE-COMPLETION OPT OVERVIEW

Defining Pre-Completion OPT

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a form of off-campus work/employment authorization that MUST comply with U.S. federal regulations [8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)(ii)].

  • All F-1 students who will earn a bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree in the U.S. are eligible to apply for OPT authorization for up to twelve (12) months Per Degree Level*.
  • Pre-Completion OPT allows eligible F-1 students who HAVE NOT yet earned their most recent MIT degree the opportunity for off-campus work/employment.
  • To qualify for the Pre-Completion OPT (Pre-OPT), F-1 students MUST meet the eligibility and reporting requirements.

*ATTENTION: Students can ONLY receive OPT authorization (Pre-, Post-, or STEM OPT) *‘Per Degree Level’. This means once authorized, the combined OPT (Pre-, Post-, or STEM OPT) benefits are considered used by U.S. immigration, even if the student DOES NOT utilize all of their OPT benefits. The individual is NOT eligible to apply again at the same degree level.

NOTE: Unused Pre-Completion OPT, Post-Completion OPT, or STEM OPT Extension time CANNOT be reclaimed or transferred.
Example: A student who used 12 months of OPT after a master’s degree CANNOT receive additional OPT time during or after their second master’s degree.

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Pre-Completion OPT Eligibility Criteria

REMINDER: A work/employment job offer is NOT required for Pre-Completion OPT applications.

Authorization for the Pre-Completion OPT is granted ONLY if all the criteria below are met:

  1. Immigration Status Specific: Eligible students MUST have been in F-1 status for at least one (1) academic year (consecutive fall and spring terms) and MUST be maintaining lawful F-1 status.
    • Unemployment: Unemployment time is not counted during approved periods of Pre-Completion OPT.
    • New Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 Required: BEFORE filing a Pre-Completion OPT application with USCIS, an F-1 student MUST first submit a request for a Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 in iMIT and obtain the document, which will include the Pre-Completion OPT recommendation on page 2.
    • Degree Program Required: Only students in a full-time degree program are allowed to apply for OPT.
  2. Academic Department Approval: Eligible students require approval from the academic department to confirm they are in good academic standing and have maintained full-time enrollment in an MIT degree-seeking program.
  3. Previous Practical Training Use: A student CANNOT have previously:
  4. Work/Employment MUST Be Directly Related To Degree Program: All work/employment under OPT MUST be directly related to the major field of study [8 CFR 214.2(f)(10)].
    • NOTE: The work/employment CANNOT be based on general concepts from the degree program or on a single course. It MUST clearly connect to the degree’s core field.
  5. OPT Authorization Timing Requirements: Pre-Completion OPT can ONLY be authorized and utilized BEFORE completion of a degree program and MUST occur during official MIT academic terms for:
    • Part-Time: Can ONLY be authorized during fall or spring terms for 20 hours per week or LESS.
    • Full-Time: Can ONLY be authorized during an official vacation term (such as Summer or IAP) if the student is NOT required to be enrolled full-time during that term. Full-time authorization allows can be anything above 20 hours per week.

CRITICAL REMINDER: Students MUST receive formal approval from USCIS and obtain their Pre-Completion OPT Employment Authorization Document (EAD) card BEFORE beginning any work/employment.

NOTE: ALL work/employment can ONLY begin on or after the start date printed on the EAD card and MUST end by the card’s expiration date. This includes ALL paid and unpaid activities, such as training sessions, orientations, or meetings with the employer.

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Pre-Completion OPT Authorization Requirements

Students MUST follow the instructions on this webpage and the ISO Pre-Completion OPT Slides [Kerberos required] to prepare the materials listed below BEFORE requesting the required Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 from the ISO.

IMPORTANT REMINDERS: Students MUST select their OPT start date BEFORE submitting the OPT I-20 request in iMIT. Students MUST remain enrolled full-time during academic terms in which they are authorized for Pre-Completion OPT, except during IAP or Summer, if these are official vacation periods for their program.

Steps and Required Documents for Pre-Completion OPT Authorization:

  1. Departmental OPT Support Letter: Students MUST obtain a Departmental OPT Support Letter that meets the following requirements:
    • (i) Completed and signed on official departmental letterhead.
    • (ii) Issued by the academic department administrator or program coordinator (in consultation with the appropriate faculty member or advisor).
  2. The letter MUST confirm that:
    • (a) The student is in good academic standing.
    • (b) The student is enrolled full-time in their MIT degree program, specifying the degree level and major field of study to be earned.
    • (c) The proposed practical training experience is directly related to the student’s MIT degree or major field of study.
    • (d) The department recommends the practical training experience.
    • (e) The expected date and academic term in which the student will complete all degree requirements.
      • Graduate Students: The completion date may be the date when all degree requirements are met, the thesis/dissertation is completed, or when the department and the Registrar’s Office certify the degree.
      • Undergraduate Students: The completion date may be the date when all degree requirements are met, all final grades have been posted, or when the department and the Registrar’s Office certify the degree.
    • (f) (If applicable) The student has completed all required coursework, except the thesis or dissertation.
    • (g) (If applicable) The student has on-campus employment or an assistantship that will continue during the authorized period of Pre-Completion OPT.
  3. $150 MIT Administrative Fee (If Applicable): A non-refundable administrative fee of $150 is required for Pre-Completion OPT requests longer than 100 days (15 weeks). The payment can be made online using a debit or credit card.
  4. [RECOMMENDED] Draft Form I-765: Students are encouraged to submit a DRAFT of their Pre-Completion OPT Form I-765 with their request.
  5. Submit Pre-Completion OPT Request in iMIT: Students MUST request the required Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 from the ISO by following the steps below:
    • (i) The student MUST log in to iMIT through ‘Full Client Services’.
    • (ii) Select the ‘F-1 Practical Training’ tab on the left sidebar of their iMIT home page.
    • (iii) Select ‘Optional Practical Training’, and ‘Start a New Request’.
    • (iv) Complete all five (5) e-Forms in the ’Optional Practical Training’ request.

ATTENTION: Students are strongly advised to submit the required Pre-Completion OPT e-Form request to the ISO at least two (2) weeks BEFORE their planned Pre-Completion OPT application submission date to USCIS.

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III. KEY DATES & DEADLINES

CRITICAL WARNING: Failure to follow the deadlines and requirements outlined on this webpage, the ISO Pre-Completion OPT Slides, and the DHS Training Opportunities website will result in the DENIAL of the Pre-Completion OPT application. READ CAREFULLY.

Important Pre-Completion OPT Dates & Filing Deadlines

Students MUST submit the Pre-Completion OPT application ONLY within the federal filing window. The Filing Deadlines Are:

  • EARLIEST ISO I-20 Request: A Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 can be requested from ISO (via iMIT) up to 110 days BEFORE the student has been enrolled for one (1) full academic year, and the requested Pre-Completion OPT start date.
    • Example: If a student wants to begin their off-campus work/employment on June 30, the earliest ISO request date is 110 days before that date, or March 20.
  • EARLIEST USCIS Submission: A Pre-Completion OPT application can be filed with USCIS up to 90 days BEFORE the student has been enrolled for one (1) full academic year, and the requested Pre-Completion OPT start date.
    • Example: If a student wants to begin their off-campus work/employment on June 30, the earliest USCIS filing date is 90 days BEFORE that date, or April 2.
  • LATEST USCIS Submission: USCIS MUST receive a complete and correct Pre-Completion OPT application within 30 days of the date the ISO issues the new Form I-20 with the Pre-Completion OPT recommendation.
    • Example: If the ISO issues the new Form I-20 for OPT on June 30, USCIS MUST receive the application BEFORE June 29.

CRITICAL ALERT: Students MUST be physically present in the U.S. when USCIS receives/receipts their Pre-Completion OPT application.

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Pre-Completion OPT Period & Start/End Dates

Selecting the start and end dates for Pre-Completion OPT (Pre-OPT) depends on each student’s individual circumstances. Students are strongly encouraged to review a calendar BEFORE choosing dates and may use tools such as timeanddate.com to calculate them.

  • NOTE: It is often helpful to avoid starting on a U.S. holiday and consider starting on a Monday, as many employers prefer new hires to begin at the start of a workweek.

Students may ONLY select dates that meet the following U.S. federal eligibility rules:

  • Pre-Completion OPT Start Date: The start date MUST be after the student has maintained a valid F-1 status for two (2) consecutive academic terms (e.g., Fall and Spring).
  • Pre-Completion OPT End Date: The end date MUST fall within the official MIT academic calendar and comply with the eligible off-campus employment hours per week (see Pre-Completion OPT Eligibility Criteria section, #5).

*ATTENTION: Any period of Pre-Completion OPT authorized will reduce the student’s total 12-month Post-Completion OPT eligibility:

  • Full-time Pre-OPT (more than 20 hours per week) is deducted at the full rate.
    • Example: Four (4) months of full-time Pre-OPT = four (4) months deducted from the 12-month Post-OPT eligibility.
  • Part-time Pre-OPT (20 hours per week or less) is deducted at half the rate.
    • Example: Four (4) months of part-time Pre-OPT = two (2) months deducted from the 12-month Post-OPT eligibility.

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IV. PRE-COMPLETION OPT APPLICATION

Students MUST follow the instructions on this webpage and the ISO Pre-Completion OPT Slides [Kerberos required] and prepare the materials listed below BEFORE submitting a Pre-Completion OPT application (online or by mail) to USCIS. Students MUST carefully follow the instructions below and submit all required documents in the order listed, whether applying online or by mail to USCIS.

CRITICAL WARNING: On Form I-765 (U.S. Mailing Address part of the form), students MUST use a U.S. mailing address that will remain valid and accessible for at least five (5) months beyond the Pre-Completion OPT start date. If a student expects to move within that period, they should list the U.S. address of a trusted friend or family member.

NOTE: Students CANNOT use the ISO office address.

Required Documents Checklist:

  • 1. Application Fee: Verify, in advance, the current USCIS Form I-765 application fee.
    • Online Application: Pay using a U.S. debit or credit card.
    • Mail-In Application: Choose one of the following payment methods:
      • (i) Bank-certified check or money order payable to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security and write “Form I-765” and SEVIS ID number in the memo line.
      • (ii) Form G-1450 to pay with a U.S. debit or credit card.
      • CAUTION: Providing incorrect card details will result in the denial or rejection of the application. Notify the U.S. bank/credit card provider before making a payment to avoid fraud alerts.
  • 2. E-Notification of Application Acceptance: Enables students to receive a text/email notification when USCIS receives their OPT application.
    • Online Filing: Use a personal email address (not @mit.edu) and a U.S. mobile number in the online form.
    • Mail-In Filing: Submit the optional Form G-1145 with a personal email (not @mit.edu) and a U.S. mobile number to receive a text/email confirmation.
  • 3. Passport Photos: Must have been taken within the last 30 days. Re
    • Mail-In Filing: Submit photos that meet photo requirements, but also remember:
      • To lightly write one’s full name and SEVIS ID on the back (lower corner) of the photos. Attach the photos and payment to the front of the application.
      • Only use paperclips for the application (no staples).
  • 4. Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization: Submit either online or by mail — NOT BOTH.
    • Online Filing: Follow USCIS Tips for Filing Forms Online webpage and the ISO Online Form I-765 Filing Resource Guide handout.
    • Mail-In Filing: Follow USCIS Tips for Filing Forms Online webpage and the ISO Online Form I-765 Filing Resource Guide handout, but also remember:
      • Use the most recent edition of Form I-765 and carefully review the instructions on the USCIS website.
      • It is strongly recommended that responses be typed before printing the form. If filling out by hand, use only black ink.
    • Online & Mail-In Filing: Select “Initial Permission to Accept Employment” and in the “Eligibility Category” field enter/select the eligibility code (c)(3)(A).
  • 5. Copy of Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20: The student MUST print and sign the document in wet ink. Electronic signatures by students are NOT allowed. Only provide pages 1 and 2 of the Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20.
  • 6. Copies of ALL Previously Issued Form I-20s: Include pages 1 and 2 of all Form I-20s from MIT and prior schools (for older I-20s, include pages 1 & 3).
    • Online Filing: Upload as a single PDF in chronological order (most recent first).
    • Mail-In Filing: Arrange in chronological order (most recent first).
  • 7. Copy of Form I-94 (Entry/Arrival Record): Submit the most recent I-94 Entry/Arrival Record.
    • DO NOT submit the I-94 Travel History Record.
  • 8. Copy of Current Passport: Submit a copy of the most recently issued, valid (unexpired) passport that matches the “Citizenship” on the most recently issued MIT Form I-20.
    • The copy MUST clearly show the name, photo, date of birth, passport number, date of issuance, and expiration date.
      • NOTE: If both an older and a newer passport exist, include copies of each and label them clearly (e.g., “Old Passport” / “New Passport”).
  • 9. Copy of F-1 Visa Sticker/Stamp: Submit a copy of the most recent F-1 visa stamp/sticker (not required for citizens of Canada or Bermuda).
    • NOTE: A valid F-1 visa sticker/stamp is NOT required to file a Pre-Completion OPT application.
  • 10. Copies of Previous EAD Cards: Include front and back copies of ALL previously issued F-1 EAD cards.

IMPORTANT REMINDERS: Follow the checklist exactly in the order listed. Missing or incorrect documents will delay or jeopardize the application. Retain personal copies of ALL documents submitted to USCIS.

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Requesting the Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20

Students MUST follow step #5 listed above in the Pre-Completion OPT Authorization Requirements section.

  • Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 Reminders: After submitting the ‘Pre-Completion OPT Application’ e-Form to the ISO (via iMIT), the ISO will review and process the Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 within ten (10) business days (excluding weekends and holidays). The new Form I-20 will:
    • Be emailed to the student using the email address on file in iMIT/SEVIS.
    • Include a new travel signature (valid for 12 months) and the Pre-Completion OPT recommendation on page 2.

CRITICAL WARNING: Students MUST receive the new Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 from the ISO BEFORE submitting it to USCIS. Filing a Pre-Completion OPT application without the required Form I-20 will result in a DENIAL from USCIS.

NOTE: Students MUST be physically present in the U.S. when USCIS receives/receipts their Pre-Completion OPT application.

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Preparing An OPT Application & Key Reminders

Important Pre-Application Reminders: F-1 students MUST carefully complete all steps below BEFORE submitting a Pre-Completion OPT application to ensure eligibility and compliance with U.S. government regulations.

  1. Review ISO Pre-Completion OPT Materials: Thoroughly review the ISO Pre-Completion OPT slides and all information on this webpage, including linked handouts and detailed instructions.
  2. Submit the Pre-Completion OPT Request to the ISO: Gather all required documents and materials to submit a Pre-Completion OPT I-20 request to the ISO via iMIT.
  3. Obtain the Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20: Wait to receive the new Form I-20 with the Pre-Completion OPT recommendation from the ISO BEFORE filing the application with USCIS.
  4. Confirm a Valid U.S. Mailing Address (IMPORTANT): The U.S. address listed on Form I-765 MUST remain valid and accessible for at least five (5) months beyond the requested Pre-Completion OPT start date.
    1. The U.S. Postal Service CANNOT forward government mail (including USCIS correspondence) using the USPS Mail Forwarding Service or the AR-11 online form.
    1. Students who MUST change their U.S. address after applying should contact their ISO Advisor for guidance.
  5. Retain Photocopies for Personal Records: Keep complete copies of all immigration documents and application materials submitted to USCIS, as well as all receipts and notices received.
  6. Verify Application Fees: Confirm the current Pre-Completion OPT filing fee listed on the USCIS website and ensure that proper payment is made before submission.
  7. Review and Organize Required Documents: Confirm that all materials are accurate, complete, and compliant with the requirements listed on the ISO website and USCIS instructions.
  8. Double-Check All Information: Review all forms and documents one final time to ensure accuracy and consistency across all application materials.
  9. Submit Form I-765 Application to USCIS: File the Pre-Completion OPT application following the information in this section (IV.) of the webpage.

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How to File the Pre-Completion OPT Application: Online or by Mail

Students MUST decide upon ONLY one of the following methods to submit their Pre-Completion OPT application to USCIS:

  • Online Filing: File through their USCIS Online Account.
  • Mail-In Filing (Paper Application): Recommended to send the application using express mail through a private courier service (FedEx or UPS) or the U.S. Postal Service (USPS).
    • The application MUST be mailed to the correct USCIS address as listed in the “Foreign Students” section of the USCIS Direct Filing Addresses for Form I-765 webpage.
    • NOTE: Students MUST keep the mailing receipt from the OPT package as evidence that they submitted their application to USCIS “properly and in a timely manner”.

REMINDER: Make copies of ALL documents related to the Pre-Completion OPT application and F-1 status.

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USCIS Processing Times & Premium Processing

  • Processing Times: USCIS typically processes Pre-Completion OPT applications within 3 to 5 months.
    • Students should initiate their Pre-Completion OPT request with the ISO at least 100 days BEFORE their planned start date to avoid delays in receiving the Employment Authorization Document (EAD) card.
  • Premium Processing Option: USCIS offers Premium Processing for both online and mail-in Pre-Completion OPT applications using Form I-907. Students may request Premium Processing either:
    • (a) At the time of filing the initial Pre-Completion OPT application, or
    • (b) After filing, while the application is still pending.
      • NOTE: If requesting Premium Processing after filing, students MUST apply it to the existing pending Pre-Completion OPT application. DO NOT submit a new Pre-Completion OPT application with Premium Processing.
  • Checking Processing Times: USCIS reports that online and mail-in applications are processed in roughly the same timeframe. To check current processing times:
    • Visit the USCIS Check Case Processing Times webpage.
    • For “Form”: Select I-765 (Application for Employment Authorization).
    • For “Form Category”: Select Based on a request by a qualified F-1 academic student [(c)(3)].
    • For “Field Office or Service Center”: Select Service Center Operations (SCOPS).
    • Click “Get processing time”.

ATTENTION: USCIS processes OPT applications in 3 to 5 months, starting from the receipt date (the date USCIS receives the application by mail or online). Students should ONLY contact USCIS if processing exceeds five months. Individuals with fixed travel or employment start dates can request Premium Processing (Form I-907) either when filing their application or after submitting it to expedite processing.

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V. MAINTAINING F-1 STATUS DURING & AFTER PRE-COMPLETION OPT

All international students approved for Pre-Completion OPT are considered Current F-1 Students and MUST continue to maintain their F-1 status, regardless of whether they have an OPT application pending or approved with USCIS.

COMPLIANCE REMINDER: Students MUST report all updates and changes to iMIT within 10 calendar days.

Requirements Include, But Are Not Limited To:

  • Keeping a Form I-20 valid at all times while in F-1 status.
  • Extending a Form I-20 before the expiration date.
  • Keeping one’s passport valid at all times while in F-1 status.
  • Registering as a full-time student every academic term.
  • Ensuring that the total on-campus work/employment does not exceed 20 hours per week during the academic year. This 20-hour limit includes all on-campus positions combined.
  • Ensuring that NO off-campus work/employment occurs without prior authorization from the ISO and/or USCIS.
  • Requesting Form I-20 Travel Signatures before booking travel outside the U.S.
  • Reporting changes of address at WebSIS within 10 calendar days.
  • Maintaining a valid U.S. phone number and U.S. address.
  • Reporting changes of Academic Level, Major, and Funding to the ISO (via iMIT) within 10 calendar days.
  • Filing taxes by April 15th.
  • Never being absent from the U.S. for more than five (5) consecutive months.
  • Keeping documentation of all work/employment, including job offer letters, pay stubs, W-2 forms, etc.

Specific Pre-Completion OPT Work/Employment Requirements:

  • 1. Work/Employment Can ONLY Begin:
    • AFTER USCIS has approved the OPT EAD card.
    • AFTER The student has received the physical EAD card.
    • AFTER The student is within the authorized dates printed on the card.
  • 2. Type of Work/Employment MUST:
    • MUST be directly related to the student’s major degree field of study, providing practical experience in that field.
    • MUST meet the “Qualified Employment” criteria.
    • MUST match the hours authorized on the Pre-OPT EAD card approval (i.e., Part-Time or Full-Time).
      • NOTE: Time spent unemployed DOES NOT count/accumulate during periods of Pre-Completion OPT. The benefit is considered used for the full authorized time if approved.
  • 3. Reporting Requirements: Students are required to report all Pre-Completion OPT work/employment to the ISO through the iMIT portal by completing the steps below:
    • Step 1: Log in to iMIT through ‘Full Client Services’.
    • Step 2: Select the ‘F-1 Practical Training’ tab on the left sidebar.
    • Step 3: Choose ‘OPT / STEM OPT Reporting’ and click ‘Start a New Request’.
    • Step 4: Complete ONLY the following e-Forms in that request:
      • (i) Submit OPT / STEM OPT EAD Card e-Form:
        • The student MUST upload a copy of their approved Pre-Completion OPT EAD card.
      • (ii) Submit Add New Employer Information on OPT / STEM OPT e-Form:
        • The student MUST enter their Pre-Completion OPT employer information.
      • (iii) Edit / End Current Employer Information on OPT / STEM OPT e-Form (If Applicable):
        • The student MUST update or end existing Pre-Completion OPT employer information.

IMPORTANT REMINDER: OPT is NOT a separate U.S. immigration status. It is a “benefit” of F-1 status. Before completing an MIT degree program, F-1 status remains tied to academics, and students MUST continue to follow all rules and reporting requirements for current students.

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Key Pre-Completion OPT Reporting Reminders

  • All changes or updates MUST be reported (at the latest) within 10 calendar days of the occurrence. However, it is ALWAYS best to report as early as possible.
  • The Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 and travel signature remain valid for 12 months, unless the student reports a change, in which case the document and travel signature will be updated.
  • Students MUST keep copies of all submitted reports and documents for their personal immigration records.

ATTENTION: The mission of the ISO is to guide MIT international students in navigating the requirements for maintaining legal U.S. immigration status. However, students are ALWAYS responsible for maintaining a valid F-1 status. The ISO relies on students to promptly report all changes and updates so that we can provide accurate guidance and support compliance with U.S. regulations.

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VI. TRAVEL GUIDANCE

All international students approved for Pre-Completion OPT are considered Current F-1 Students and MUST carry the following, regardless of whether they have a Pre-Completion OPT application pending or approved with USCIS:

CRITICAL REMINDER: The ISO can NEVER guarantee entry into the U.S. All final decisions regarding entry eligibility are made by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers at the port of entry.

Key Travel Reminders & Tips

  • Important Reminders:
    • Travel to Other Countries: Students traveling to a country other than their home country or the U.S. MUST check entry requirements and any travel restrictions for every country they visit or transit through.
    • U.S. Entry Requirements: Students MUST NEVER enter the U.S. on a tourist visa (B-1/B-2), through the Visa Waiver Program (VWP/ESTA), or by using Nexus or Global Entry. Doing so will terminate F-1 status and render all OPT benefits invalid.
    • I-94 Record: Students MUST check their I-94 record after EVERY entry into the U.S. to confirm that it lists “F-1” as the “Class of Admission” and “D/S” as the “Admit-Until Date”.
  • Visa Sticker/Stamp Reminders:
    • Expired F-1 Visa Sticker/Stamp: If a student’s F-1 visa sticker/stamp has expired, they MUST apply for a new F-1 visa sticker/stamp at a U.S. Embassy/Consulate abroad BEFORE re-entering the U.S. in F-1 status with OPT.
      • NOTE: An F-1 visa sticker/stamp ONLY needs to be valid when entering the U.S. Students DO NOT need a valid F-1 visa sticker/stamp to remain in the country. Refer to the ISO Knowledge Base article for more information.

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Travel Before, During, & After Pre-Completion OPT

Students traveling and returning to the U.S. MUST carry the following documents:

  • 1. Valid Passport: Must be valid for at least six (6) months into the future, at all times.
  • 2. Valid F-1 Visa Sticker/Stamp: Must be valid (not expired), except for citizens of Canada and Bermuda.
  • 3. “Certificate of Eligibility” Form I-20: The most recently issued Form I-20 MUST have been signed for travel (page 2) within the past 12 months.
    • NOTE: The Form I-20 and travel signature remain valid even AFTER the Pre-Completion OPT expires.
      • Example: If a Form I-20 document was signed for travel on September 15, 2025, it remains valid for multiple trips until September 14, 2026 – OR – until the end date listed on page 1, whichever date comes first.
  • 4. Evidence of Enrollment: Can be obtained online from the Registrar’s Office.
  • 5. Evidence of Financial Support: Financial support documentation (as listed on the Form I-20). Refer to the ISO website [here] for documentation requirements related to financial support.

COMPLIANCE REMINDER: An I-94 record will update automatically after re-entry to the U.S. This is normal and DOES NOT affect a submitted or pending OPT application.

WARNING: Once again, ALL changes and updates MUST be reported to the ISO (via iMIT) within 10 calendar days. THIS IS A FEDERAL REQUIREMENT. Failure to report may result in the loss of legal F-1 status and all related immigration benefits.

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VII. PRE-COMPLETION OPT FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQS)

This section is updated regularly as the ISO receives new questions from the MIT community and as the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) provides additional guidance.

  • 1) Pursuing “On-Campus” & “Off-Campus” Work/Employment
    • Q: Can a student hold both a Teaching, Fellowship, and/or Research Assistantship and off-campus work/employment under CPT or OPT authorization at the same time?
      • A: During the academic term (Fall or Spring), if a student is engaged in a 20-hour-per-week Teaching, Fellowship, and/or Research Assistantship that has “Service Requirements”, or any other on-campus position at MIT, and wishes to pursue off-campus work/employment simultaneously, the student MUST obtain prior approval from their academic department and meet all CPT or OPT eligibility requirements.
      • In general, MIT DOES NOT permit students to hold both a part-time 20-hour-per-week on- and off-campus work/employment during an academic term. This restriction is based on concerns regarding a student’s ability to manage both commitments effectively and maintain satisfactory academic progress toward degree completion. For reference, please review the current MIT policy posted on the Office of Graduate Education (OGE) website [here].
      • However, if an academic department determines that the off-campus work/employment opportunity is directly related to and beneficial for the student’s academic program, and the student meets all eligibility requirements for CPT or OPT authorization, the ISO may be able to support such authorization in accordance with U.S. immigration regulations.
  • 2) Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 & Travel
    • Q: My Pre-Completion OPT has ended. Do I need a new Form I-20?
      • A: No. The Pre-Completion OPT Form I-20 remains valid:
        • For 12 months from the date of the ISO signature on the document, or
        • Until the program end date listed on page one of the Form I-20, or
        • Until the student receives a new Form I-20 from the ISO.
          • NOTE: Save ALL Form I-20s that have ever been issued.
  • 3) Required Academic Terms & Pre-Completion OPT
    • Q: I have part-time Pre-Completion OPT approved for the fall academic dates. Do I need to register for a specific course?
      • A: This is a question for the student’s academic department, but typically no.
  • 4) Academic Terms & Full/Part-Time Pre-Completion OPT
    • Q: I have part-time Pre-Completion OPT approved for the fall academic dates. However, I have just been offered a full-time opportunity during IAP. Can I extend my current OPT authorization?
      • A: No. The student would be required to reapply for Pre-Completion OPT with the ISO and USCIS, and have it approved, before they could pursue additional work/employment.
  • 5) Travel While Pre-Completion OPT Application Is Pending
    • Q: I am applying for the Pre-Completion OPT and need to travel outside of the U.S. Can I travel outside the U.S. while the Pre-Completion OPT is pending?
      • A: Re-review the ‘Travel Guidance’ section above for the answer.
  • 6) Social Security Number (SSN)
    • Q: I need a Social Security Number (SSN). How can I obtain that?
      • A: The ISO provides detailed instructions on our Social Security Number (SSN) webpage to help students complete an SSN application.
        • NOTE: An SSN is NOT required to begin work/employment.

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VIII. ADDITIONAL REMINDERS & RESOURCES

Quick Reminders:

  • Maintaining a U.S. immigration status is an F-1 student’s RESPONSIBILITY.
  • NEVER begin paid or unpaid work/employment without proper authorization.
  • Report ALL changes and updates in iMIT within 10 calendar days.
  • Keep copies of ALL immigration applications and employment documentation that have ever been issued.

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ISO/MIT Resources:

  • ISO USCIS Online Form I-765 Filing Resource Guide handout
  • ISOPre-Completion OPT slides
  • ISO F-1 Optional Practical Training Before Degree Completion (Pre-Completion OPT) webpage (i.e., this webpage)
  • ISO Knowledge Base webpage
    • For delays in receiving an OPT receipt notice, consult the ISO Knowledge Base guidance [here]
  • ISO main Employment webpage
  • ISO main F-1 Travel webpage
  • MIT Special Topics in Immigration and International Travel (OGC) webpage.
  • MIT Global Support Resources – Travel and Safety Abroad website.
  • MIT Technology Tips For Travelers (IS&T) webpage.
    • International Travel Considerations section.

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USCIS, DHS & ICE Resources:

  • USCIS Students and Employment webpage
  • USCIS Announces F-1 Pre-Completion OPT, Pre-Completion OPT, and Pre-Completion OPT Application Fee Increases (Effective April 1, 2024)
  • USCIS Announces F-1 Pre-Completion OPT, Pre-Completion OPT, and Pre-Completion OPT Premium Processing Fees Increase (Effective February 26, 2024)
  • USCIS General Online Filing Information webpage
  • USCIS Introduces Online Filing for Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization Resources:
    • Overview of myUSCIS for Applicants webpage (May 5, 2021)
    • USCIS Ombudsman’s Webinar Series, Updated Questions & Answers webpage (May 5, 2021), and Webinar Series Slides (April 2021)
    • Engagement Readout for F-1 Students Seeking Optional Practical Training webpage (May 5, 2021)
    • USCIS Online Filing and Customer Service Tools, PowerPoint presentation, and Q&A webpage (March 31, 2021)
  • DHS Working in the United States webpage
  • ICE Travel webpage

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Disclaimer: The information on this webpage is only for MIT-sponsored students.

For additional questions, students should first review the ISO Employment web pages thoroughly. They are encouraged to use the ISO search tool (located at the top of the ISO website) or consult the comprehensive FAQ section in the ISO Knowledge Base. MIT students may also contact their designated ISO Advisor directly for assistance.

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MIT Division of Graduate and Undergraduate Education